遗传算法在跨超声速风洞总压控制中的应用

总压作为风洞控制中的重要流场参数,其调节性能是风洞控制系统能否满足试验要求的重要指标,为提高跨超声速风洞的总压控制水平,需对总压控制策略进行设计。针对某跨超声速风洞对总压控制系统提出的快速性和精确性要求,提出串级控制、智能PID控制和总压分段控制等方法,并利用MATLAB系统辨识工具箱对流场调节阶段的总压系统模型进行了辨识。提出将遗传算法应用于风洞流场调节阶段的PID控制器参数整定中,重点对基于遗传算法的PID控制原理和参数整定步骤进行介绍,并针对遗传算法的遗传算子进行了设计。系统仿真和风洞实际运行情况表明：该方法较常规PID参数整定与优化方法,具有更好的控制性能指标,满足总压控制系统精确性、快速性、鲁棒性等要求,为后续风洞建设和设备改造提供了新方法。

Application of Genetic Algorithms in Total Pressure Control System of Transonic and Supersonic Wind Tunnel

Total pressure is an important parameter in the wind tunnel control, and its regulation performance is an important index to meet the requirements of the control system. In order to improve the total pressure control level of transonic and supersonic wind tunnel, the total pressure control strategy needs to be designed. Aiming at the quickness and accuracy requirements of total pressure control system that been proposed by a certain transonic and supersonic wind tunnel, we used the subsection control mode, cascade control and intelligent PID control in the control system, and proceeding the model identification of the total pressure system of flow field adjustment section by the MATLAB system identification toolbox. We putted forward a new method that using the genetic algorithm in the PID controller parameter setting of the wind tunnel flow field adjustment section. The paper focuses on introducing the principle of PID control based on genetic algorithm and the parameter setting step, in addition, improving the genetic operators of genetic algorithm. System simulation and the wind tunnel operation show that this method has the better control performance than the conventional PID parameter setting and optimization method, which satisfies the requirement of control system and provides a new way in the future .