一种组件透射式成像光谱仪设计

针对反射式成像光谱系统普遍存在多次反射(和衍射)产生杂散光和装调难度大等问题，设计了一种高性能透射式系统，全部使用通用光学组件，简化了系统结构，降低了成本和装调难度，较传统成像光谱仪有更广的适用范围。该设计中全部部件都非定制，可以根据应用场合更换，具有较好的灵活性，采用透射的方式，减少了杂散光的影响。利用ZEMAX软件仿真、优化了搭配两组不同物镜的系统光路，对畸变、MTF、色差等性能进行测试。对比25和50 mm物镜的系统性能，发现望远镜头的更换对整个系统成像质量的影响不大。参照设计参数成功搭建出一台成像光谱仪，其中望远物镜采用准对称双高斯结构，有利于控制场曲和畸变;采用透射式平面衍射光栅作为分光器件，制作工艺成熟，无需定制，装调简单。光谱分辨率和畸变测试结果显示该系统拥有良好的畸变控制能力，光谱分辨率达到2 nm，满足设计要求，利用标定后的系统测得的氘灯光谱取得了较为理想的结果。

Design of a Component and Transmission Imaging Spectrometer

In the reflection-based imaging spectrometer, multiple reflection(diffraction) produces stray light and it is difficult to assemble. To address that, a high performance transmission spectral imaging system based on general optical components was developed. On the basis of simple structure, the system is easy to assemble. And it has wide application and low cost compared to traditional imaging spectrometers. All components in the design can be replaced according to different application situations, having high degree of freedom. In order to reduce the influence of stray light, a method based on transmission was introduced. Two sets of optical systems with different objective lenses were simulated; the parameters such as distortion, MTF and aberration were analyzed and optimized in the ZEMAX software. By comparing the performance of system with different objective len 25 and 50 mm, it can be concluded that the replacement of telescope lens has little effect on imaging quality of whole system. An imaging spectrometer is developed successfully according design parameters. The telescope lens uses double Gauss structures, which is beneficial to reduce field curvature and distortion. As the craftsmanship of transmission-type plane diffraction grating is mature, it can be used without modification and it is easy to assemble, so it is used as beam-split component of the imaging spectrometer. In addition, the real imaging spectrometer was tested for spectral resolution and distortion. The result demonstrates that the system has good ability in distortion control, and spectral resolution is 2 nm. These data satisfy the design requirement, and obtained spectrum of deuterium lamp through calibrated system are ideal results.