A Comprehensive Review on Perovskite Solar Cells Integrated Photo-supercapacitors and Perovskites-Based Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly become a prevalent photovoltaic technology owing to their simple structure, low processing cost, and remarkable increase in solar-to-electric power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the intermittent nature of solar radiation induces some technical and financial challenges for its practical applications as a reliable power source. To address this issue, the integration of PSCs with supercapacitors (SCs) in the form of integrated photo-supercapacitors (IPSs) has gathered significant attention. This integration can balance energy availability and demand, reduce energy wastage, and stabilize power output for portable and wearable electronics. Meanwhile, the excellent optoelectronic properties with mixed electronic and ionic conductivity of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have expanded their application as electrode and electrolyte materials for SCs and photo-supercapacitors (PSs) applications. This review provides an all-inclusive summary of the current state-of-the-art research progress of PSCs-IPSs and MHPs-based SCs and PSs by highlighting their basics and integration approaches. It also discusses the challenges and prospects of these materials and technologies.