GaN-based LEDs surrounded with a two-dimensional nanohole photonic crystal structure for effective laterally guided mode coupling

Traditional implementation of photonic crystals (PhCs) on LED light emission surfaces results in weak coupling of light with the PhCs. Here we introduce a GaN-based LED surrounded with a nanohole PhC structure along the mesa edges. The laterally guided modes in the epi-structure can be effectively coupled with the two-dimensional periodic structure. The proposed structure results in the improvement of LED light extraction and provides flexibility of radiation directionality control.