(CuMnNi)100-xAlx高熵铜合金的显微组织、力学与摩擦学性能研究

针对工业领域对新型高强高耐磨金属材料的需求，制备了(CuMnNi)_100-xAl_x (x＝0, 5, 10, 15)系列高熵铜合金，研究了Al含量对高熵铜合金的物相组成、显微组织、力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响. 结果表明:CuMnNi高熵合金仅由面心立方结构(FCC)的高熵固溶体相组成，Al元素的添加对合金基体FCC相产生了强烈的固溶强化作用，并促进了体心立方(BCC)相形成. FCC相具有良好的塑性和韧性，而BCC相具有高强度和高硬度，两者共同作用使(CuMnNi)_100-xAl_x系列高熵铜合金的强度随Al含量增加而提高，而塑性和韧性不断降低. 其中，(CuMnNi)₉₀Al₁₀高熵铜合金中FCC相和BCC相的含量达到最佳匹配，使其具有优异的综合力学性能. 室温下，得益于优异的力学性能和硬质BCC相良好的抗磨作用，(CuMnNi)₉₀Al₁₀高熵铜合金的耐磨性优于常规耐磨铝青铜C6161，磨粒磨损为其主要磨损机制. 

Microstructure,Mechanical and Tribological Properties of (CuMnNi)100-xAlx High Entropy Bronzes

In view of the demand for new metallic materials with high strength and good wear resistance in the industrial field, a series of (CuMnNi)_100-xAl_x (x = 0, 5, 10, 15) high entropy bronzes were prepared. The phase constitution, microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of the high entropy bronzes were investigated systematically. The results indicated that the CuMnNi high entropy alloy was composed of a solid solution phase with a face-centered cubic structure (FCC). The addition of Al produced a high solid solution strengthening effect on the FCC phase of the alloy and promoted the formation of the body-centered cubic (BCC) phase. The FCC phase had good plasticity and toughness, while the BCC phase had high strength and hardness. The combined effect of the FCC+BCC phases increased the strength of the (CuMnNi)_100-xAl_x high entropy bronzes by increasing of Al content, while the plasticity and the toughness decreased. The content ratio of the FCC phase and the BCC phase in the (CuMnNi)₉₀Al₁₀ high entropy bronze reached the best combination, i.e. the alloy had excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. At room temperature, due to the good mechanical properties and good abrasion resistance of the hard BCC phase, (CuMnNi)₉₀Al₁₀ high entropy bronze showed better wear resistance than conventional wear-resistant aluminum bronze C6161, and abrasive wear was the main wear mechanism.