晚清南阳县乡村地理研究

乡村在我国传统社会有着举足轻重的地位。以光绪《南阳府南阳县户口地土物产畜牧表图说》、光绪《南阳县志》等志史文献为主要依据,重点探讨晚清南阳县乡村的外部形态和内部结构。研究发现,晚清南阳县乡村多数为中小规模,部分村落修筑寨墙自卫。乡村人口多操农业,从事商业、手工业者甚少,乡村集市数量较之嘉庆年间有较大增长,但集市经济并无质的飞跃,其分布受中心城市的辐射带动作用和自身交通区位因素的影响制约。

A Study of Rural Geography in Nanyang Country in Later Qing Dynasty

Village has a pivotal position in the traditional society of China.Based on ＂Household,Land,Livestock Tables of Nanyang Country during the Period of Emperor Guangxu＂and ＂Nanyang Country Annals during the Period of Emperor Guangxu＂,the external features and internal structures of Nanyang country in later Qing dynasty have been investigated in this paper.The study shows that at that time most villages were either small-sized or medium-sized,and some villages had walls built for self-defense.Most of the county folks mainly lived on agriculture with quite a few business people and artisans.Compared with the period of Emperor Jiaqing,the number of village fairs had experienced a rapid growth,but had no qualitative leap.The distribution of village fairs was affected by the radiation of central city and its local traffic.