Human hand moves proactively to the external stimulus: an evolutional strategy for minimizing transient error |
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Authors: | Ishida Fumihiko Sawada Yasuji E |
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Affiliation: | Graduate School of Information Systems, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofu-ga-oka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585 Japan. ishida@is.uec.ac.jp |
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Abstract: | We investigated particularly the proactive nature of the visual-motor system by steady and transient experiments of a hand-tracking task, and confirmed that the hand motion precedes on the average the target motion in steady runs within a finite frequency range of the sinusoidal target motion. The question why and how much the hand motion should precede was answered by frequency-jump experiments. The results implied that the positive phase shift of the hand motion represents the proactive nature of the visual-motor control system which is adaptationally developed for each person to minimize the transient error of the hand motion when the target motion changes unexpectedly. |
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