龙岩煤不同宏观煤岩组分的颗粒及其燃烧性质实验研究

用浮选法分选出3个密度档、代表不同宏观岩相的龙岩煤颗粒，进行工业分析、元素分析和煤岩分析；并进一步通过扫描电镜结合压汞实验分析颗粒的结构，通过热天平实验研究不同宏观煤岩组分的燃烧性质。结果表明，(1)龙岩煤颗粒的煤岩主要由镜质组组成。其中，亮煤富含镜质组，密度相对较低，挥发分极少、固定碳高达80％以上；暗煤富含矿物质成分，密度极高但含碳量却很少，热值很低，接近于原煤中的矸石。灰煤中惰性组的量是三种岩相中最多的，其工业分析性质与原煤接近；(2)龙岩煤颗粒结构致密，密度在1.6g/cm3以上。颗粒中绝大多数孔隙的孔径在1μm以下。其中亮煤颗粒表面光洁致密，内部孔隙以亚微孔(0.01μm<d<0.10μm)居多，大孔径较少，比表面积较大；暗煤颗粒的表面孔隙较发达，内部结构相对较蓬松，颗粒中细孔、微孔、亚微孔都存在；而灰煤颗粒中的孔隙最不发达，以超微孔(d<0.01μm)为主；(3)不同宏观煤岩组分龙岩煤的着火温度相近，约580℃；但燃尽温度相差较大：亮煤最高，大于800℃；暗煤最低，两者相差约100℃；(4) 龙岩煤不同宏观煤岩颗粒的反应性按亮煤、煤(混煤)、灰煤、暗煤依次递减，亮煤的反应性最好，暗煤的反应性最差。

Experimental research on the particle & combustion characteristics of Longyan anthracite with different lithotypes

3 Longyan anthracites with different lithotypes were separated by flotation technique. Their proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and petrographical analysis were conducted. Their particle properties, such as surface figure and pore structure, were also examined by mercury porosimeter combining with SEM technology; further, the combustion characteristics such as ignition/burnout temperature and reactivity were studied using TGA. It is shown that most of macerals of Longyan anthracite are composed of vitrinite. For clarain, which has a relatively lower density, an extremely low volatile, and a higher fixed carbon content (> 80%), the primary maceral is vitrinite. For durain, which has an extremely high density (>2.0g/ cm3) and low carbon content, on the contrary, most of its maceral is mineral matter whose property is similar to that of coal gangue. Contrasted with the other two lithotypes, culm has the highest content of inertinite and its proximate and ultimate analysis is close to that of parent coal. Longyan anthracite has a very compact particle structure and has a density greater than 1.6g/cm3, the pores in particle are generally smaller than 1μm. The surface of clarain particle is glabrous and compact, most diameter of inner pore is between 0.01μm and 0.10μm, few has a diameter greater than 1μm. For clarain, the particle has a big specific surface area. The pore of durain particle is relatively developed, pore in the surface of durain particle can be seen from SEM; all the kinds of pore whose d>1μm，d=0.1μm~1.0μm，d=0.01μm~0.10μm and d<0.01μm exist in a particle. As to the culm, the pore in particle is few and undeveloped, most pore diameter in particle is smaller than 0.01μm. The ignition temperature of Longyan coal with different lithotypes is close to each other, nearly at 580℃. But there is great difference among their burnout temperature. The clarain has the highest burnout temperature while the durain has the lowest, the discrepancy between them is greater than 120℃. Judged from the specific maximum weight loss rate, which is defined as the quotient of the maximum weight loss rate in TGA to the corresponding sample′s fixed carbon content (daf), the reactivity of Longyan coal with different lithotypes can be ranked as clarain, coal, culm, and durain, from high to low.