Modeling crack growth during Li insertion in storage particles using a fracture phase field approach |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Robert Bosch GmbH, Corporate Sector Research and Advanced Engineering, 70465 Stuttgart, Germany;2. Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany;3. Department of Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;5. School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, King''s College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland;6. INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany;1. Multi-Beam Laboratory for Engineering Microscopy (MBLEM), Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom;2. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block EA#07-08, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore;1. Robert Bosch GmbH, Corporate Sector Research and Advanced Engineering, 70049 Stuttgart, Germany;2. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany;3. Materials Department and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;4. School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, King’s College, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, United Kingdom;5. INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Fracture of storage particles is considered to be one of the major reasons for capacity fade and increasing power loss in many commercial lithium ion batteries. The appearance of fracture and cracks in the particles is commonly ascribed to mechanical stress, which evolves from inhomogeneous swelling and shrinkage of the material when lithium is inserted or extracted. Here, a coupled model of lithium diffusion, mechanical stress and crack growth using a phase field method is applied to investigate how the formation of cracks depends on the size of the particle and the presence or absence of an initial crack, as well as the applied flux at the boundary. The model shows great versatility in that it is free of constraints with respect to particle geometry, dimension or crack path and allows simultaneous observation of the evolution of lithium diffusion and crack growth. In this work, we focus on the insertion process. In particular, we demonstrate the presence of intricate fracture phenomena, such as, crack branching or complete breakage of storage particles within just a single half cycle of lithium insertion, a phenomenon that was only speculated about before. |
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| Keywords: | Lithium ion battery Storage particles Phase field model for fracture Stable crack growth Unstable crack growth |
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