Microwave irradiation on carbon black: Studies on the transformation of particles into nano-balls,nano-sticks and nano-onion like structures |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Allegaten 55, N-5007 Bergen, Norway;2. Department of Physics, Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway;3. Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China;2. College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China;1. Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Park Angelinum 9, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia;2. Applied Chemistry Department, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Sq. 4, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine;3. Department of Chemistry, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody Sq. 4, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine;4. Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University of Humanities and Sciences, Świętokrzyska 15G, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;1. Department of Physics, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jiangsu 224051, China;2. National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China |
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| Abstract: | The solid-state transformation behavior of carbon black (CB) nanoparticles after irradiated with microwave energy was studied with and without influence of a metal catalyst. The CB sample was exposed to microwave radiation at power of 900 W from the oven and collected after 15 min and after 30 min and 45 min of irradiation. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction measurements, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and thermogravimetric analysis. Characterization of the samples prepared without catalyst shows that microwave irradiation can transform CB nanoparticles into nano–balls and nano–stick like structures. While nanoballs of almost 300–500 nm diameter are visible in all the samples irrespective of microwave irradiation time, amorphous nano-stick like structure are present only in the sample collected after 30 min of microwave irradiation. CB irradiated together with a metal catalyst resulted in metal-encapsulated onion like structures with perfectly arranged graphene layers. |
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| Keywords: | Carbon Black Microwave Solid phase transformation |
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