Degradation products generated by sonication of benzyl alcohol, a sample preparation solvent for the determination of residual solvents in pharmaceutical bulks, on capillary gas chromatography

Benzyl alcohol used as the sample preparation solvent in the determination of residual solvents in pharmaceutical bulks yielded benzene, toluene, and benzaldehyde on capillary gas chromatography (GC) by sonication. The factors responsible for compounds generated are discussed. The quality of benzyl alcohol and the type of sonicator were not involved in the generation of benzene, toluene, and benzaldehyde, whereas matrix contributions were observed. The degradation profiles of benzyl alcohol and its analogous compounds obtained by pyrolysis-GC/mass spectrometric analysis were similar to those obtained by sonication, suggesting that benzyl alcohol is degraded by the high local heat generated by sonication. Consequently, no matter how long it may take to dissolve bulk substances in benzyl alcohol completely, we do not recommend the use of a sonicator in sample preparation for the determination of residual solvents in pharmaceutical bulks.