Assessing a dual-frequency identification sonars' fish-counting accuracy, precision, and turbid river range capability |
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Authors: | Maxwell Suzanne L Gove Nancy E |
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Institution: | Alaska Department of Fish and Game, 43961 Kalifornsky Beach Rd, Suite B, Soldotna, Alaska 99669, USA. suzanne.maxwell@alaska.gov |
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Abstract: | Accurately assessing migrating salmon populations in turbid rivers with hydroacoustics is challenging. Using single, dual, or split-beam sonars, difficulties occur fitting acoustic beams between the river's narrow boundaries, distinguishing fish from nonfish echoes, and resolving individual fish at high densities. To address these issues, the fish-counting capability of a dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON), which produces high resolution, video-like images, was assessed. In a clear river, fish counts generated from a DIDSON, an echo counter, split-beam sonar, and video were compared to visual counts from a tower, a method frequently used to ground-truth sonars. The DIDSON and tower counts were very similar and showed the strongest agreement and least variability compared to the other methods. In a highly turbid river, the DIDSON's maximum detection range for a 10.16 cm spherical target was 17 m, less than absorption and wave spreading losses predict, and 26 m in clear water. Unlike tower and video methods, the DIDSON was not limited by surface disturbances or turbidity. DIDSON advantages over other sonars include: better target resolution; wider viewing angle; better coverage of the water column; accurate direction of travel; and simpler to aim and operate. |
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