植物蒸腾作用对红外辐射特征的影响研究

研究植被的红外辐射特征是开展地面军事目标红外伪装与隐身的基础，模拟植被红外特性的形成机理可实现目标与背景的精确融合。叶片蒸腾是植被特有的生理机制，是影响植被红外辐射特征的主要因素之一。通过建立植物叶片的能量平衡物理模型，分析计算出植物蒸腾特性对叶面温度的影响。应用气孔计、红外热像仪实测了樟树、冬青等典型植物叶片的蒸腾作用、叶面温度、红外辐射特征的日周期变化，通过与干枯叶片的对比表明，植物蒸腾作用能够有效调节叶片的能量平衡，控制叶面温度处于合理的范围内，抑制叶片红外辐射特征的深幅变化。

The Study of Transpiration Influence on Plant Infrared Radiation Character

Studying vegetation infrared radiation character is the base of developing infrared camouflage and concealment technology of ground military target.Accurate fusion of target and background can be achieved by simulating formation mechanism of vegetation infrared radiation character.Leaf transpiration is characteristic physiological mechanism of vegetation and one of the main factors that influence its infrared radiation character.In the present paper,physical model of leaf energy balance is set up.Based on this model the influence of plant transpiration on leaf temperature is analyzed and calculated.The daily periodic variation of transpiration,leaf temperature and infrared radiation character of typical plants such as camphor tree and holly is actually measured with porometer and infrared thermal imaging system.By contrasting plant leaf with dryness leaf,experimental data indicates that plant transpiration can regulate leaf energy balance effectively and control leaf temperature in a reasonable range and suppress deep range variation of leaf infrared radiation character.