锂离子电池有机硅电解液

有机硅电解液具有优良的热稳定性、低可燃性、无毒性、高电导率和高分解电压等优点,近年来成为了锂离子电池新型电解液的研究热点。本文综述了有机硅电解液的研究进展,重点介绍了聚醚有机硅电解液的设计合成、物理化学性能、与电解质盐和电极材料的匹配性关系及其在电池中的性能表现;简述了有机硅功能化电解液添加剂的研究进展,如成膜添加剂、阻燃添加剂、吸酸吸水添加剂等;最后对有机硅电解液的进一步研究趋势和应用前景进行了展望。

Organosilicon Based Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Organosilicon compounds have attracted considerable interest as electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries because they are nontoxic,nonflammable,as well as have lower glass transition temperatures,lower vapor pressure and higher flash point than commercial alkyl carbonates.These compounds can improve the electrochemical performances and safety of lithium-ion batteries when used as electrolyte solvents or additives in the electrolytes.In this paper,the recent advances of organosilicon compounds both as electrolyte solvents and additives are reviewed.Organosilicon electrolytes containing ethylene oxide(EO) substituents with or without carbon spacer between silicon atom and EO unit are specially remarked as safe electrolytes.Organosilicon compounds as functional additives are also introduced in terms of the capabilities of passive film formation,flame-retardant,and acid/water scavenger.