Grafting polyelectrolytes onto polyacrylamide for flocculation 1. Polymer synthesis and characterization |
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Authors: | M Ma S Zhu |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7 e-mail: zhuship@mcmaster.ca Tel.: +1-905-5259140 ext 24962 Fax: +1-905-5211350, CA |
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Abstract: | Low-molecular-weight high-charge-density cationic diallyldimethylammonium chloride homopolymer (polyDADMAC) was grafted onto
high-molecular-weight nonionic polyacrylamide (PAM) via a free radical mechanism using a gamma radiation technique. The graft
copolymer systems were characterized in terms of viscosity, composition, gel content, degree of grafting and grafting efficiency.
Degree of grafting was a strong function of radiation dose, dose rate and polyelectrolyte concentration. Gels were formed
at high radiation doses and high PAM levels. Crosslinking between the electrolyte polymers was limited due to electrostatic
repulsion. Gelation was mainly caused by coupling of PAM chains. High grafting efficiency was achieved: the lower the poly(DADMAC)
concentration, the higher the grafting efficiency observed. The grafting mechanism and the effect of ion interactions on copolymer
structural properties are also elucidated and discussed.
Received: 6 April 1998 Accepted in revised form: 28 August 1998 |
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Keywords: | Polymer flocculant water-soluble polymer polyelectrolyte polyacrylamide radiation graftings |
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