几种蒙脱石层电荷密度的测试方法原理及对比

层电荷的大小是蒙脱石矿物最重要的参数,决定了其性质、加工方法以及应用。本文系统介绍了国内外对蒙脱石层电荷测定方法的研究现状,详细阐述了烷基铵法、结构式推算法、阳离子交换容量法、亚甲基蓝法测定层电荷的原理以及测试程序,分析了不同测试方法的优缺点。指出在选择层电荷的测定方法时,应综合考虑样品的纯度、杂质的性质、颗粒的大小,以及对精确性和快速性的要求等因素。

Theories and comparison of several methods for measuring layer charge density of montmorillonites

Layer charge is the main parameter of montmorillonite,it determines the properties,processing methods and applications of montmorillonite.In this paper,the research status quo of the methods for determination of layer charge density were presented;the theories and measurement procedure of alkylammonium method,structural formulae method,cation exchange capacity method and methylene blue method were introduced in detail; advantages and disadvantages of each method were compared.It was presented that on the choosing of measurement methods,several factors should be considered,such as the purity and particle size of samples,the properties of impurities,and the requirements for accuracy and speediness.