An emphatic orthogonal signal correction-support vector machine method for the classification of tissue sections of endometrial carcinoma by near infrared spectroscopy |
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Authors: | Zhang Jiajin Zhang Zhuoyong Xiang Yuhong Dai Yinmei Harrington Peter de B |
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Institution: | a Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, and Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA c Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Ma 50200, Thailand d Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand e Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44150 Thailand |
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Abstract: | A sequential injection analysis (SIA) spectrophotometric method for determining tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (CTC) and oxytetracycline (OTC) in different sample matrices were described. The method was based on the reaction between tetracyclines and yttrium (III) in weak basic micellar medium, yielding the light yellow complexes, which were monitored at 390, 392 and 395 nm, respectively. A cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used to obtain the micellar system. The linear ranges of calibration graphs were between 1.0 × 10−5 and 4 × 10−4 mol L−1, respectively. The molar absorptivities were 5.24 × 105, 4.98 × 104 and 4.78 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1. The detection limits (3σ) were between 4.9 × 10−6 and 7.8 × 10−6 mol L−1 whereas the limit of quantitations (10σ) were between 1.63 × 10−5 and 2.60 × 10−5 mol L−1 the interday and intraday precisions within a weak revealed as the relative standard deviations (R.S.D., n = 11) were less than 4%. The method was rapid with a sampling rate of over 60 samples h−1 for the three drugs. The proposed method has been satisfactorily applied for the determination of tetracycline and its derivatives in pharmaceutical preparations together with their residues in milk and honey samples collected in Chiang Mai Province. The accuracy was found to be high as the Student's t-values were found to be less than the theoretical ones. The results were compared favorably with those obtained by the conventional spectrophotometric method. |
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Keywords: | Sequential injection analysis Spectrophotometry Tetracycline and their residues Cationic surfactant Yttrium (III) Pharmaceuticals Milk and honey Home-made software |
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