Thermal transformations in phosphorites |
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Authors: | R. Knubovets Y. Nathan S. Shoval J. Rabinowitz |
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Affiliation: | (1) The Open University of Israel, 16 Klausner St., 61392 Tel-Aviv;(2) Geological Survey of Israel, 95501 Jerusalem;(3) Rotem-Amfert-Negev, 77051 Ashdod, Israel |
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Abstract: | The thermal transformations in phosphorites during flash calcination were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and chemical analyses. During flash calcination changes occur, both in the composition of the phosphorite and in the crystallochemistry of the fluor-carbonate-apatite (francolite). The former changes include: decomposition of a great part of the calcite in the rock and oxidation of organic matter. The latter changes include: partial removal of the structural carbonate; partial relocation of the remaining carbonate ions in the apatite structure; a new arrangement of hydroxyl groups and fluorine on the hexagonal axis; partial condensation of the orthophosphate groups and increase of crystallite sizes. Isomorphous substitution of PO4–3 in apatite by SO4–2 and SiO4–4 may take place.Dedicated to Prof. Menachem Steinberg on the occasion of his 65th birthdayThe financial support from Rotem-Amfert-Negev Phosphate Co. is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr. B. Pregerson of the Rotem-Amfert-Negev for supplying samples |
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Keywords: | apatite calcination crystallinity FT-IR phosphorite XRD |
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