Comparison of calcium phosphate coatings formed on femtosecond laser-induced and sand-blasted titanium

High energy femtosecond laser process was employed to create regular surface patterning on titanium while sand blasting treatment made a coarse surface. Both laser-induced titanium and blasted titanium could promote the formation of calcium phosphate compounds after the acid and alkali treatment, but little crystallized hydroxyapatite was grown on the laser-induced titanium in 1.5SBF only for 6 h, whereas Ca₄P₆O₁₉ was formed on the sand-blasted titanium. The femtosecond laser process together with common acid and alkali treatment might provide potential choice to enhance the biocompatibility of titanium and its alloys.