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The optimality of James's distortion theorems
Authors:P N Dowling  W B Johnson  C J Lennard  B Turett
Institution:Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056 ; Department of Mathematics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 ; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 ; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309
Abstract:A renorming of $\ell _{1}$, explored here in detail, shows that the copies of $\ell _{1}$ produced in the proof of the Kadec-Pelczynski theorem inside nonreflexive subspaces of $L_{1}0,1]$ cannot be produced inside general nonreflexive spaces that contain copies of $\ell _{1}$. Put differently, James's distortion theorem producing one-plus-epsilon-isomorphic copies of $\ell _{1}$ inside any isomorphic copy of $\ell _{1}$ is, in a certain sense, optimal. A similar renorming of $c_{0}$ shows that James's distortion theorem for $c_{0}$ is likewise optimal.

Keywords:$\ell _{1}$  $c_{0}$  renorming  James's distortion theorem  asymptotically isometric copies of $\ell _{1}$  fixed point property
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