Radiation of scalar waves by the discontinuities in the antenna geometries

The electrical scalar potential satisfies the Helmholtz equation for time-harmonic waves and Aharonov-Bohm showed that the electromagnetic potentials have physical reality. For these reasons, the scalar potential represents scalar wave propagation in space. The gradient of the scalar wave leads to the electric field intensity, but it does not create the magnetic field. The criteria for the radiation of the scalar waves are studied on various linear antennas. The radiation integrals of the antennas are evaluated asymptotically by taking into account the edge effects. The radiation diagrams are plotted numerically and the phase velocities of the scalar waves are investigated in the near field.