Beneficial use of a cell coupling rheometry, conductimetry, and calorimetry to investigate the early age hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate cement

A specific cell was designed to monitor simultaneously the evolution of the viscoelastic properties, electrical conductivity, and temperature of a cement paste with ongoing hydration. Hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate cement by demineralised water or by a borated solution was then investigated as an example. Borate anions acted as set retarders but to a smaller extent than with ordinary Portland cement. The delay in cement hydration resulted from the precipitation of an amorphous or poorly crystallized calcium borate, which also caused a rapid stiffening (and thus a loss of workability) of the paste after mixing. The gypsum content of the CSA cement was shown to play a key role in the control of the cement reactivity.