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Tip-induced surface polarization: a new mechanism for contrast in the scanning tunnelling microscope
Affiliation:1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK;2. Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK;1. Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China;1. Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;2. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA;4. Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;5. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;6. Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile;7. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran;1. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga street 8, Riga LV-1063, Latvia;2. Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia;1. Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, LR01 ES15, Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux: Structure et Propriétés, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia;2. Laboratoire de Matériaux, Traitement et Analyse, INRAP, Technopôle Sidi-Thabet, Tunis 2020, Tunisia
Abstract:We propose a new mechanism influencing the contrast in STM images. It involves the polarization of the surface by the electric field from the tip; this affects the contrast when different parts of the surface have different polarizabilities. We demonstrate its importance for the case of ethene (C2H4) molecules adsorbed on the Si(001) surface; for this system we are able to obtain qualitative agreement between experiments and ab initio calculations by including the tip-induced field.
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