新型磷杂菲基反应型阻燃剂的合成及其在聚氨酯阻燃中的应用

以9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物和1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚为原料，合成了一种新型的反应型阻燃剂1-（2-羟基-3-磷杂菲）丙氧基-4-环氧丙氧基丁烷(1)，其结构和性能经¹H NMR, ³¹P NMR, FT-IR和TG表征。以1为封端剂，聚氨酯（PU）为基材，制备了1/PU阻燃复合材料（2），研究了1对2阻燃性能和力学性能的影响，初步探讨了1的阻燃机理。结果表明:1具有气相和凝聚相阻燃作用,2燃烧后可形成致密光滑炭层，使点燃时间延长，改善了燃烧熔滴现象。1含量为1%时，2¹的LOI为27%， UL-94燃烧等级为V-0级。

Synthesis of A Novel Type Reactive Flame Retardant with Phosphaphenanthrene Group and Its Application in Polyurethane

A novel reactive flame retardant , 1-( 2-hydroxy-3-phosphaphenanthrene ) propoxy-4-ep-oxypropoxybutane ( 1 ) , was synthesized by the reaction of 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenan-threne-10-oxide and 1 ,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether .The structure and property were characterized by 1H NMR, 31P NMR, FT-IR and TG.The flame retarded material, 1/PU(2), was prepared using 1 as capping agent and polyurethane ( PU ) as base material .The effects of 1 on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of 2 were investigated .And the flame retardant mechanism of 1 was discussed . The results showed that due to the gas phase and cohesive phase flame retardant effects of 1 , 2 formed into a smooth and compact char layer after combustion , which prolongs the ignition time and reduces the melt dropping phenomenon .The LOI value of 21 ( dosage of 1 was 1%) was up to 27%and UL-94 level was V-0.