A review on the therapeutic applications of aptamers and aptamer-conjugated nanoparticles in cancer,inflammatory and viral diseases |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Advanced Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014, PR China;2. School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates;3. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;4. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates;6. Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates;7. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates;8. Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;9. Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;10. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;11. Department of High Talent, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014, PR China;12. Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, India;13. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Lahijan, Guilan, Iran;14. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Lahijan, Guilan, Iran;15. Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran;p. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran;q. Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | The advancement in early diagnosis and precise treatments options result in more predictable and powerful health care modalities. Aptamers are known as nucleic acid structures with three-dimensional conformation to selectively bind a target site. Physicochemical properties of aptamers, their conjugation with nanoparticles (NPs) in theranostics applications and their internalization have been found to be of interest in development of aptamer-based drug delivery systems. Therefore, we aimed to present an overview on the structure and generation of aptamers followed by advantages of aptamers-conjugated NPs and their theranostics applications in various diseases such as oncology, inflammatory diseases and viral diseases. Afterward, we discussed several reports on the internalization approaches of aptamers, efficiency of aptamers vs. their analogous, and implications of aptamers in clinical trials. Finally, we discussed the current challenges and future perspectives of actively targeted aptamers for clinical application. In conclusion, this review may hold a great promise for development of aptamer-based therapeutic platforms in clinical trials. |
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| Keywords: | Aptamer Cancer disease Inflammatory disease Nanoparticles Viral disease |
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