城市功能区声环境质量监测时间代表性研究

城市功能区声环境质量监测数据是评估我国城市声环境质量水平的重要依据，为科学准确地反映城市功能区声环境质量水平，应选取合理的、具有代表性的监测时间开展监测。本文以某地4个典型的功能区声环境质量监测点位1年的连续监测数据作为样本，分析了不同功能区点位长期噪声波动特征，并采用Kruskal-Wallis 检验（K-W检验）方法，分别分析了一年中各月之间及一周中各日之间噪声水平的差异性。数据处理及分析结果表明：（1）4个监测点位一年中各月之间噪声水平，特别是夜间等效连续A声级之间具有显著差异，一年监测一次显然难以代表全年声环境质量水平；相比较下，每季度监测一次能大幅提高监测结果代表性，季度内的3个月份各月之间无显著差异的比例占80%以上；（2）对于这4个监测点位,一周中在周二至周五之间监测其结果更具代表性。

Representativeness of monitoring interval for acoustic environmental quality in urban areas

The monitoring data of acoustic environmental quality in urban functional areas is an important basis for evaluating the level of acoustic environment quality of cities in China. Therefore, a reasonable and representative monitoring interval should be selected for scientifically and accurately evaluating sound environmental quality in urban areas. Using the one-year continuous monitoring data of four typical monitoring sites as samples, this paper analyzes the long-term noise fluctuation characteristics of different areas, and analyzes the differences of noise levels between months in a year and between days in a week by Kruskal-Wallis test (K-W test). The results show that: (1) There are obvious differences in noise levels between months in a year, especially at night, so the annual monitoring data can hardly represent the acoustic environmental quality level of the whole year. In contrast, quarterly monitoring can greatly improve the representative of the results, as more than 80% comparisons showed no significant difference among the three months in a quarter. (2) In addition, the results of the differences between the days in a week show that the typical date is a day between Tuesday and Friday for these four monitoring points.