输气管道泄漏的波达时差交叉定位方法*

为了实现对管道泄漏位置的三维定位,该文提出一种基于波达时差法的交叉定位方法。将传感器阵列布放在不同位置,通过波达时差法获取远场泄漏声源的两组空间方位信息,对两组方位交叉求取空间伪交点从而完成定位。建立泄漏定位实验平台,分析了多种互相关方法以及阵列孔径、布放间距、泄漏位置等因素对延时估计和定位精度的影响。实验结果表明:选取基本互相关法对泄漏信号的10 500 Hz分量进行互相关分析,能够获取稳定的延时估计结果;在有效信号检测范围内,增大阵列孔径和布放间距能有效减少误差;该文方法相较于现有波达时差法能有效提高距离原点4 m以上泄漏位置的定位精度。

Leakage localization method for gas pipelines using cross localization based on time difference of arrival

To locate the gas pipeline leakage point three-dimensionally, a cross localization method based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) is presented. A sensor array is set in two positions, and two groups of spatial orientation are obtained by TDOA. Then the leakage point is three-dimensionally located through adopting cross localization method to find a pseudo intersection point of the two groups of spatial orientation. Experimental platform was established to analyze the effects of cross correlation methods, array aperture, array spacing and leakage positions on the delay estimation and localization performance. Experimental results indicate that a stable result of time delay estimation could be obtained by using basic cross correlation to analyze the 10-500 Hz component of leakage signal. Within the effective distance for signal detection, errors could be reduced by increasing the array aperture and spacing. Compared to the existing method, the localization accuracy for the leakage points which are more than 4 m from the origin can be improved by using the cross localization method.