声呐员听音移频操作客观规律研究*

声呐员在听音过程中，可以对收听到的声音进行移频操作，通过这一操作，声呐员可以将信号调制到自己认为合适的频段以便检测识别信号，而移频的具体频段没有定量的参考依据，这使声呐员移频操作较为盲目。本文从心理声学的角度对声呐员的移频操作进行研究，给出了移频前后信号的响度差值的变化规律和信号尖锐度的变化规律。研究结果表明，经过移频操作，响度移频前后在2000-5000 Hz左右存在最大值，而尖锐度随着移频频率和信号的频率的升高而升高，本文所得出的结论可为声呐员对舰船辐射噪声被动听音移频操作提供参考依据。

Objective law of frequency shift operation of sonar operator

Sonar operator can shift the frequency of the received ship radiated noise while they listening. Through the operation, the frequency of the received signal can be modulated to an appropriate frequency bands for the sonar operators, however, the operation is blind because of its lack of reference. In this paper, the frequency shift operation of sonar operator is studied from the perspective of psychoacoustics, and the change law of loudness difference and the sharpness of signal is presented. The research results show that the loudness of the signal becomes larger when the modulation frequency between 2000 Hz and 5000 Hz, and the sharpness increases gradually with modulation frequency and the signal frequency increasing. The conclusion obtained in the paper can be used as reference for sonar operators in frequency shift operation of ship radiated noise.