腐蚀损伤模型研究进展

腐蚀会导致材料表面附近产生机械损伤,降低材料强度.腐蚀损伤演化过程的理解和模拟,对工程结构的剩余服役寿命预测、可靠性分析、以及材料耐腐蚀设计等至关重要.现有的腐蚀数学模型大多旨在描述单个或少数几个腐蚀点的界面演化过程.这些模型通常都基于扩散理论和电化学动力学定律,用于预测腐蚀点的几何形状演化和溶液中离子的浓度分布演化.论文简述了腐蚀的电化学动力学基础,为力学工作者参与腐蚀损伤研究提供了简要的背景知识介绍.对目前发展比较完善的点腐蚀模型进行了总结分类.重点介绍了近十年来几种主要的新型腐蚀模拟方法:元胞自动机法、相场模型和近场动力学模型.并分析了各方法的优缺点.提出了电偶腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂模型分析中亟待解决的一些问题.最后,论文总结了腐蚀模拟在实际工程应用中的难点,展望了未来研究发展方向.

Advances in Corrosion Damage Modeling

Corrosion can cause mechanical damage near the material surface and reduce material strength. The understanding and simulation of corrosion damage evolution is essential for predicting residual service life of the engineering structure, reliability analysis, and corrosion-resistant design of materials. Most of the mathematical models are intended to describe the interface evolution process at a single corrosion spot. These models, usually based on diffusion theory and electrochemical kinetics, can predict the geometric evolution of corrosion pits and the evolution of metal ion concentration distribution in solution. In this paper, we briefly introduce the electrochemical kinetics of corrosion for researchers in mechanics. The existing pitting corrosion models are classified and reviewed. Several major new corrosion simulation methods are highlighted: Cellular Automaton, Peridynamics and Phase-Field models. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. Finally, to deal with the challenges in applying corrosion models for real engineering problems, we suggest several research directions for the future work.