Production of a chromium Bose–Einstein condensate |
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Authors: | A Griesmaier J Stuhler T Pfau |
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Institution: | 1. 5. Physikalisches Institut, Universit?t Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
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Abstract: | The recent achievement of Bose–Einstein condensation of chromium atoms 1] has opened longed-for experimental access to a
degenerate quantum gas with long-range and anisotropic interaction. Due to the large magnetic moment of chromium atoms of
6 μB, in contrast to other Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), magnetic dipole-dipole interaction plays an important role in a chromium
BEC. Many new physical properties of degenerate gases arising from these magnetic forces have been predicted in the past and
can now be studied experimentally. Besides these phenomena, the large dipole moment leads to a breakdown of standard methods
for the creation of a chromium BEC. Cooling and trapping methods had to be adapted to the special electronic structure of
chromium to reach the regime of quantum degeneracy. Some of them apply generally to gases with large dipolar forces. We present
here a detailed discussion of the experimental techniques which are used to create a chromium BEC and allow us to produce
pure condensates with up to 105 atoms in an optical dipole trap. We also describe the methods used to determine the trapping parameters. |
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