基于正态分布的爆破振动评价与安全药量计算

工程爆破是非常重要的一种施工方法，但同时爆破引起的岩石振动也是爆破公害之一。由于爆破场地的复杂性，爆破地震引起的某位置质点振速峰值v与单段最大药量Q、爆心距R没有严格的函数关系，只能将振速视为随机变量，因此振动只能从概率的角度来描述。为了控制振动强度，达到较高的可靠度，必须计算振速小于目标设施安全振速的概率。本文中基于概率，将振速峰值近似视为服从正态分布，对目标设施进行安全分析以及安全炸药量计算，最后通过案例应用，解释概率公式计算炸药量的合理性。

Blasting vibration evaluation and safety dose calculation based on normal distribution

Blasting is an indispensable construction method to human beings. However, in the meanwhile, the rock vibration caused by blasting is one of blasting hazards. Due to the complicated geology, the peak particle velocity is a random variable approximately. It does not have a general function relationship with the maximum dose Q and the distance R from blasting center. Therefore, the vibration can only be described by the theory of probability. In order to control the vibration intensity and get high reliability, it is necessary to calculate the probability that the peak particle velocity is less than the safety vibration velocity of the target facility. Based on the probability, the distribution of peak particle velocity is approximately regarded as the normal distribution. Then safety analysis of target facilities and calculation of safe explosives are carried out. Finally, through the application of the case, it is reasonable to calculate the dose by probability formula.