生物样品中大田软海绵酸类毒素代谢规律及检测方法的研究进展

近年来，中国赤潮污染日趋严重，因此引发多起贝类毒素中毒事件，威胁消费者的食用安全。大田软海绵酸（okadaic acid，OA）及其衍生物鳍藻毒素（dinophysistoxins，DTXs）是分布最广、危害最大的一类腹泻性贝类毒，具有急性腹泻毒性及多种慢性毒性。建立生物体液样品中OA类毒素残留的检测方法对辅助诊断患者的中毒情况极为必要。文章简要介绍了OA类毒素的理化性质、中毒事件、毒理作用，并详细总结了生物样品中OA类毒素代谢规律及检测方法的研究进展。

Progress on the metabolic rules and detection methods for okadaic acid related toxins in biological samples

In recent years, red tide pollution in China has become increasingly serious, leading to a number of shellfish poisoning cases, thereby posing a threat to human health and safety. Okadaic acid (OA) and its analogs (dinophysistoxins, DTXs) are the most widely distributed diarrhetic shellfish poisons, which result in acute diarrheal toxicity and various types of chronic toxicity. It is imperative to establish a method for determination of OA related toxin residues in biological fluid samples, so that accurate diagnosis of poisoning in patients is possible. The present paper briefly introduced the main physicochemical properties, poisoning incidents, toxicological effects for the toxins, also summarized recent progress on the metabolic rules and detection methods for OA related toxins in biological samples.