热解吸-电喷雾离子源-三重四极杆质谱法快速筛查火锅底料和肉汤中非法添加罂粟壳

通过简单的金属探针直接接触火锅底料和肉汤表面采集待测物，经热解吸离子源进一步热解吸和电喷雾离子化，最终进入三重四极杆质谱检测器在多反应监测模式下进行定性分析，实现了火锅底料和肉汤中罂粟壳的现场实时快速检测。结果表明，设置热解吸温度为260℃，以0.1%甲酸水溶液（含10 mmol/L甲酸铵-乙腈（1:1，v/v）作为注射溶剂、注射泵流速为200 μL/h时，仪器响应值最优，灵敏度最高；5种生物碱中罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因在火锅底料和肉汤中的检出限均为2 μg/kg，可待因、吗啡在火锅底料中的检出限为10 μg/kg，在肉汤中的检出限为5 μg/kg。该法与罂粟壳胶体金卡片快检试剂盒相比，灵敏度具有明显优势。应用该法对50批次市售火锅底料、肉汤等样品进行检测，发现1批次鸡汤含有那可丁、罂粟碱、蒂巴因和吗啡4种生物碱，与高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法的检测结果一致。由此说明该方法具有无需样品制备和色谱分离的特点，是一种快速、绿色、环保的分析方法，能够满足对食品中罂粟壳的快速定性分析。

Rapid screening of illegally added poppy husk in hot pot sauce and soup by thermal desorption electrospray ionization-triple quadruple mass spectrometry

A thermal desorption electrospray ionization-triple quadruple mass spectrometry (TD-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the rapid screening of poppy husk in hot pot sauce and soup. The solid surface or liquid sample was directly touched by a simple metal probe. The analytes collected on the probe were desorbed and ionized using a TD-ESI source, after which the analyte ions were detected by MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The results were compared with those of colloidal gold card rapid detection and verified by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The instrument gave the best response with the highest sensitivity under the following conditions: thermal desorption temperature, 260 ℃; injection solvent, 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution containing 10 mmol/L formic ammonium-acetonitrile (1:1, v/v); flow rate, 200 μL/h. The limits of detection (LODs) for papaverine, noscapine, and thebaine in five alkaloids were 2 μg/kg, while those for codeine and morphine were 10 μg/kg in hot pot sauce and 5 μg/kg in soup. The sensitivity of this method was significantly superior to that of the colloidal gold card rapid detection. The method was applied to 50 batches of hot pot sauce and soup. Noscapine, papaverine, thebaine, and morphine were detected in a positive sample of chicken soup, which was consistent with the result of the HPLC-MS/MS method. This method without sample preparation and chromatographic separation is fast, green, and environmentally benign, thus being suitable for the rapid qualitative analysis of poppy husk in food.