Bose condensation and spontaneous breaking of the uniformity of time |
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| Authors: | A F Andreev |
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| Institution: | (1) P. L. Kapitsa Institute of Physics Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117334 Moscow, Russia |
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| Abstract: | The spontaneous breaking of gauge invariance accompanying Bose condensation in mesoscopic systems corresponds to thermodynamically
equilibrium ground states with nonintegral average particle number and results in a spontaneous breaking of the uniformity
of time. In Fermi systems, the breaking of gauge invariance can be also accompanied by spontaneous breaking of invariances
with respect to spatial rotations by an angle of 2π and double time reversal. Possible experiments are discussed.
Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 63, No. 12, 963–969 (25 June 1996) |
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