Penetration Process of a Hydrated Deep Eutectic Solvent Through the Stratum Corneum and its Application as a Protein Penetration Enhancer |
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Authors: | Dr Mina Sakuragi Emika Maeda Prof Katsuki Kusakabe |
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Institution: | Faculty of Engineering, Department of Nanoscience, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto City, 860-0082 Japan |
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Abstract: | The penetration mechanism of choline chloride-glycerol deep eutectic solvent (DES) through the stratum corneum (SC) as a potential solvent for a novel enhancer of protein penetration into the skin was investigated in a wide and small angle X-ray diffraction study. We found that DES penetrated through intercellular lipids but not the corneocytes. DES seemed to extract a portion of lipids of the short lamellae in the SC. Hydrated DES with a DES to water weight ratio of 9 to 1 (9DES-1H2O) showed the strongest interaction with the lipids in the SC compared with water, DES, and hydrated DESs with another weight ratio of DES to water (DES : water=8 : 2). In a skin penetration test with a fluorescently labelled lysozyme, 9DES-1H2O increased the amount of penetration through the SC by two-fold compared with HEPES buffer. |
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Keywords: | deep eutectic solvents drug delivery stratum corneum lysozyme X-ray diffraction |
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