膨润土的短碳链季铵盐改性研究

以自制的钠基膨润土为原料、用四甲基氯化铵和四丁基氯化铵作为有机插层剂与膨润土层间的Na+交换, 制备出有机膨润土, 并经红外光谱分析(IR)、差热分析(DTA)和X-ray衍射分析(XRD)等测试手段对其结构进行表征。讨论了不同的季铵盐对有机膨润土性能的影响。实验表明，表面活性剂离子进入膨润土晶片层间，使其晶片层间的亲水环境改变为疏水环境以及增大晶片层间距离，增加膨润土与有机相的相容性, 为制备高聚物/膨润土纳米复合材料奠定基础。

Study on the Modification of Short Chain Phoshate Ammonium Salt of Bentonites

The Organobentonites were synthesized by means of the ionexchange reaction of Na~+ between tetramethylammonium(chloride) and tetrabutylammonium chloride quaternary ammonium salts,and sodium base bentonites.The authors used FTIR,X-ray diffraction diagram and DSC thermograms to characterize the structure of the modified bentonites,and discussed the effect of different quaternary ammonium salt on the properties of organobentonites.The results showed that ions of the surfactants had entered into the chip layer of the bentonites,changed the hydrophilic environment of the chip layer into a hydrophobic enviro nment,increased the distance among the chip layers,and improved the compatibility between montmorillonite and the organic phases.All of these have laid a base for the preparation of nanometer composite material of high polymer/bentonite.