BiVO4空心微球的合成及其光催化降解亚甲基蓝的性能研究

以BiNO₃·5H₂O和NH₄VO₃为原料，柠檬酸为络合剂，成功合成了BiVO₄空心纳米球．采用TEM、XRD、UV-Vis等测试技术对样品的形貌、相结构以及光吸收性能等进行了表征．结果表明，所制备的BiVO₄空心微球在紫外区和可见区均有较强的光吸收，空心球平均粒径为160 nm，空腔直径为10～80 nm．以亚甲基蓝染料溶液的脱色降解实验为模型反应研究了样品的光催化性能．光催化实验结果表明，在可见光照射下，反应150 min后，样品对亚甲基蓝溶液的脱色率可达到95%以上．此外，考察了柠檬酸添加量对空心球形貌的影响，并提出了BiVO₄空心纳米球的可能形成机理．

Preparation of BiVO4 Hollow Spheres and its Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue

Monoclinic BiVO₄ hollow nanospheres were successfully prepared via template-free method using citric acid (C₆H₈O₇) as chelating agent and characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscope, UV-Vis DRS, and TG-DTA technique. C₆H₈O₇ played an important role in the formation of hollow spheres. Morphology observations revealed that when appropriate amount ofC₆H₈O₇ was introduced, the cavity with the diameter of 40 nm was obtained in BiVO₄ nanospheres. UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra indicated that the samples had absorption in both UV and visible light region. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue under Xe lamp irradiation. Hollow spheres endow BiVO₄samples with greatly improved photocatalytic activity. A possible formation mechanism of hollow spheres was proposed.