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Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Cu-doped ZnO nanorods
Authors:Rajneesh Mohan  Karthikeyan Krishnamoorthy  Sang-Jae Kim
Institution:1. Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea;3. Research Institute of Advanced Technology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea;1. School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur 768019, Odisha, India;2. School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India;3. C.V. Raman College of Engineering, Bidyanagar, Bhubaneswar 752054, Odisha, India;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan;2. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan;3. Department of Chemistry, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran;1. Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and NanoResearch Center, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia;2. Nanostructured & Nanotechnology Materials Division, Advanced Materials Department, Central Metallurgical R & D Institute, CMRDI, P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11421, Cairo, Egypt;3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia;4. Chemistry Department, Science and Art at Sharurah, Najran University, Saudi Arabia;5. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Art, Najran University, Saudi Arabia;6. Chemistry Department, Gezira University, P.O. Box 20, Sudan;1. Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMISIU), Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia;2. Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia;3. Unité de Recherche Catalyse et Matériaux pour l''Environnement et les Procédés (URCMEP), Université de Gabès, Campus Universitaire -Cité Erriadh, 6072, Gabès, Tunisia
Abstract:Cu-doped ZnO nanorods with different Cu concentrations were synthesized through the vapor transport method. The synthesized nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and UV–vis spectroscopy. The XRD results revealed that Cu was successfully doped into ZnO lattice. The FE-SEM images showed that the undoped ZnO has needle like morphology whereas Cu-doped ZnO samples have rod like morphology with an average diameter and length of 60–90 nm and 1.5–3 μm respectively. The red shift in band edge absorption peak in UV-vis absorbance spectrum with increasing Cu content also confirm the doping of Cu in ZnO nanorods. The photocatalytic activity of pure and Cu-doped ZnO samples was studied by the photodegradation of resazurin (Rz) dye. Both pure ZnO and the Cu-doped ZnO nanorods effectively removed the Rz in a short time. This photodegradation of Rz followed the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. ZnO nanorods with increasing Cu doping exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity. The pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant for 15 % Cu-doped ZnO is equal to 10.17×10?2min?1 about double of that with pure ZnO. The increased photocatalytic activity of Cu-doped ZnO is attributed to intrinsic oxygen vacancies due to high surface to volume ratio in nanorods and extrinsic defect due to Cu doping.
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