The Proton-Resonance-Frequency-Shift Method Compared with Molecular Diffusion for Quantitative Measurement of Two-Dimensional Time-Dependent Temperature Distribution in a Phantom |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Medical Material, Northwest University, Xi''an 710069, Shaanxi, China;2. Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China;3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165, United States;1. Department of Physics, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China;2. School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, PR China;3. Department of Computer, Chengdu college of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, PR China;4. State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China;1. Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh;2. Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H OAJ, UK;3. Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA;4. Department of Chemistry, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 58912, USA;1. College of Mathematics and Physics, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China;2. Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore;1. University of Zilina, Žilina, Department of Physics, FEE, Univerzitná 1, Slovakia;2. Institute of Experimental Physics, Košice, SAS, Watsonova 47, Slovaia |
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| Abstract: | Noninvasive thermometry methods with magnetic resonance imaging usually explore the temperature dependence of the molecular diffusion coefficient of water. A method based on the temperature dependence of the proton resonance frequency is proposed in this study and compared with the diffusion method. The comparison was made with a gel phantom with muscle characteristics and for a voxel size of 0.8 × 0.8 × 10 mm3. The root-mean-square deviation of the temperature images obtained with simulations of the thermal process is between 0.1 and 0.15°C for the proton-resonance-shift-based method with an acquisition time of 1 minute and 0.9-1°C for the diffusion-based method with an acquisition time of 4.5 minutes. Unfortunately, the proton-resonance-shift method is very sensitive to the drift of the external magnetic field and therefore a method of external references was proposed to correct for this drift. The method proves to be adequate as long as the thermal be of interest do not take more than 1 hour. |
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