Characterization of carbon nanotubes by scanning probe microscopy |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China;2. Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2500, Australia;3. Laboratoire D’étude des Matériaux & Instrumentations Optiques, Physics Department, Djillali Liabès University of Sidi Bel-Abbès, Sidi Bel-Abbès, 22000, Algeria;4. Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de La Matière et de Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), Université de Mascara, 29000, Mascara, Algeria;1. Physics Science and Engineering Technology College, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, PR China;2. School of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China;3. Department of Applied Physics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Carbon nanotubes, fabricated by the Ebbesen-Ajayan method, were imaged using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) in air and were compared to images obtained with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The HRTEM images revealed an abundance of elongated structures ranging in diameter from 3.0 to 30 nm, and with lengths of up to 0.8 μm. Many of the structures possessed several graphitic shells as if the tubes were nested one in the other. Reproducible images of the tubular structures, typically 20 nm in diameter and with a large variation in length, were obtained with both STM and AFM when the nanotubes were deposited on hydrogen-terminated Si(111), confirming that the nested structures observed with HRTEM do indeed have a tubular morphology. No single-walled, bare nanotubes or spherical fullerenes (typical of the Krätschmer-Huffman process) were observed. |
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