Free-Radical Synthesis of Block Copolymers via Dixanthogen-Linked Polymer Sequences

Abstract

Due to high chain transfer and the subsequent terminator properties of the dixanthogen moiety, (AB)_n multiblock copolymers of poly(oxyethylene-block-methyl methacrylate) and ABA triblock copolymers of poly(methyl methacrylate-block-2-ethylhexyl acrylate) could be synthesized from dixanthogen-linked poly(oxyethylene) and poly(methyl methacrylate) pre-polymer sequences, respectively, using free-radical chemistry. A simple and efficient method was developed for the synthesis of dixanthogen-linked polymers: Hydroxyl-functionalized pre-polymers were reduced using NaH to form alkoxide; CS₂ was then added to the alkoxide to form xanthate; and finally the xanthate was oxidized either in an aqueous or organic medium to form the dixanthogen. The synthesis techniques provided in this paper are general and thus, in principle, can be applied to many other block copolymer systems.