基于DEA模型的中国纺织服装企业竞争力评价研究

纺织服装出口额、国际市场占有率等统计指标的“繁荣”背后是大量纺织服装企业破产倒闭的残酷“现实”，这一现象表明以“国家”作为评价“载体”的宏观指标法难以准确评价我国纺织服装产业竞争力的真实现状。因而从微观层面通过分析企业效率变动“把脉”中国纺织服装产业竞争力更具意义。本文采用DEA方法，以23家纺织服装上市公司投入、产出数据为样本，对我国纺织服装企业在金融危机前后的效率值进行比较分析，研究表明，美国次贷危机以后，样本企业的DEA效率均值明显降低，企业员工人数“超量”和利润总额“亏量”是导致效率降低的主要原因，最后本文就提升中国纺织服装产业竞争力提出了相关建议。

Evaluation of Competitiveness of China's Textile and Garments Industry Based on DEA Model

The old macro methods of measuring industry competitiveness by using the tools of textile export volume and market share rates have been proved ineffective when the research results contradict with the real situation of china＇ s textile and garment industry. Therefore from micro perspective by using the firm lever input and output data, we could testify the competitiveness of China＇s textile and garment industry by measuring its efficiency. This paper by using DEA-Malmquist index model has found out that the China＇s textile and garment industry has witnessed a downturn to a great extent affected by the financial crisis. Further decompositions of efficiency show that the lags of technology improvement have been the main cause. Finally we testify factors of the firm levels that affect efficiency of the specific textile and garments firms and then relevant suggestions are also recommended.