养殖大黄鱼溃疡病的病原菌及其防治药物

研究了浙江省沿海网箱养殖大黄鱼溃疡病病原菌的生物学特性、对化学药物和中草药的敏感性及其胞外产物活性等．从症状典型的网箱养殖患病大黄鱼体内分离到1株可疑细菌824-1，经人工感染试验证实为是引起该病的病原菌．经鉴定，菌株824-1为溶藻弧茵（Vibrio alginolyticus）．利用杯碟法研究了其胞外产物的性质，结果表明：其胞外产物具有淀粉酶、明胶酶、酪蛋白酶、卵磷脂酶、脂酶和几丁质酶活性以及溶血活性，其中以淀粉酶、明胶酶和酪蛋白酶的活性最强，但没有脲酶活性．检测了18种化学药物和15种中草药对病原菌的抑菌作用．结果表明，复方新诺明和庆大霉素等2种化学药物和石榴皮、地榆、五味子、大黄等4种中草药的抑菌能力最强，可作为防治该病的有效药物。

Studies on pathogen of ulcer disease of cultured large yellow croakers, Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson) and its control medicines

The ulcer disease of marine cage-cultured large yellow croakers,Pseudosciaena crocea(Richardson) in Zhejiang Province was investigated.A bacterial strains(824-1),isolated from diseased large yellow croakers,was proved to be the pathogenic bacterium by artificial infection experiments,and identified to be Vibrio alginolyticus by the morphological and cultural features,physiological and biochemical characteristics.The extracellular products of strain 824-1 were studied by cylinde-plate method.The results showed that the extracellular products show the activities of amylase,gelatinase, lipase,casease,haemolysin,lecithinase,and chitinase but no urease activity. The sensitivity of the bacterial isolate to 33 antibacterial agents(18 chemotherapeutants and 15 Chinese herbal medicines) was evaluated.It showed that 2 chemotherapeutants(Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim and Gentamycinum) and 4 Chinese herbal medicines(Pericarpium granati,Rhizoma sanguisorbae,Fructus schizandrae,Rheum officinale) were examined as the most effective antibacterial agents.