含稀土氧化物堆焊金属试样残余应力场的数值模拟

采用红外热像仪和X射线应力仪分别测定了采用含稀土氧化物的堆焊焊条，对中高碳钢试件进行堆焊过程的温度场和残余应力场，根据实验数据和材料的物理、力学参数，采用二维有限元计算方法，建立了堆焊应力场模型，根据这一模型，分析了马氏体相变对堆焊金属残余应力场的影响。结果表明：焊条药皮中添加稀土氧化物和金属镍可以降低马氏体相变温度，而降低马氏体相变温度可以降低堆焊金属表面的残余拉应力，从而提高了堆焊金属的抗开裂性能。

Numerical Simulation on Residual Stress Distribution of Hard-Face-Welding Metal with RE Oxide

The temperature and residual stress fields of medium-high carbon steel during following cooling process after hard-face-welding (hardfacing) with rare earth (RE) oxides were measured. By using the experimental data and the thermo-physical, mechanical parameters of materials, the finite element method (FEM) of the temperature and stress fields were established. According to this FEM, the effect of martensitic transformation on residual stress of hardfacing metal of medium-high carbon steel was analyzed. The results show that the martensitic transformation temperature can be decreased, while the tensile residual stress can be reduced by the decrease of martensitic transformation temperature of hardfacing metal. Therefore, the resistance cracking of hardfacing metal can be improved by adding RE oxide in the coat of hardfacing electrodes.