Heterogeneous polyelectrolyte gels as stimuli-responsive membranes |
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| Institution: | 1. National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, Romania;2. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany;1. Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;1. Nikolaev Institutes of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev Pr. 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;2. Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Russia;1. Plasma Nanoscience Laboratories, Manufacturing Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia;2. School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;3. Plasma Nanoscience, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;4. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People''s Republic of China;5. Nanotechnology & Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), University of Ulster, BT37 0QB, UK;6. School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Stimuli-responsive membranes may act as “on–off switches” or “permeability valves”, producing patterns of pulsatile release, where the period and rate of mass transfer can be controlled by external or environmental triggers (e.g. pH, temperature, electric field). In this work, composite-heterogeneous polyelectrolyte gel (composite-HPG) membranes consisting of polymethacrylic acid (PMAA) gel particles dispersed within a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) network were developed and evaluated as pH-responsive membranes.The mechanism of permeability control for caffeine and vitamin B12 through composite-HPG membranes was determined to be a synergistic function of membrane hydration and the percolating volume fraction of PMAA gel. Larger changes in permeation as a function of pH were achieved when both hydration and percolation effects occurred together than when either of these effects occurred on their own. Vitamin B12 permeation was observed when the hydrated gel volume fraction was above approximately 0.38, but not below. Furthermore, the percolating fraction of composite-HPG membranes containing 28% (dry basis) PMAA gel particles was manipulated via pH to fall above (pH 7) or below (pH 3) this transition in permeability, resulting in membranes that delivered solutes of high molecular weight (vitamin B12) with large on/off delivery ratios (160). |
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