Three absolute photonic gaps from 2d square compound lattices

The photonic band structures of two‐dimensional square compound lattices are calculated by the plane‐wave method. Four air hole cylinders drilled in a square dielectric cylinder which locate at each square lattice site are embedded in a background of air. Three absolute photonic band gaps common to E and H polarized waves are created when given proper structure parameters. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)