金属有机骨架及其衍生材料在电解水和锌-空气电池中的应用

电解水和锌-空气电池(ZABs)技术为解决能源危机、实现碳中和目标开辟了一条新的途径。然而，这些技术的实际应用在很大程度上受到析氢反应(HER)、析氧反应(OER)以及氧还原反应(ORR)缓慢动力学的限制。因此，迫切需要开发高效、稳定的电催化剂有效降低反应过电位，加快电催化反应进程。金属有机骨架(MOFs)由于其灵活可调的组成和精确可控的结构，已成为催化领域研究最广泛的材料之一。本文聚焦于MOFs基电催化剂的制备策略和结构特性，主要介绍它们在电解水和ZABs方面近期的研究进展，并对该领域存在的问题和发展趋势进行了总结和展望。

Application of metal-organic frameworks and their derivatives for water splitting and zinc-air batteries

The green energy conversion and storage technologies such as water splitting and zinc-air batteries (ZABs) open a new path to solve the energy crisis and achieve carbon neutrality goals. However, the practical applications of these technologies are largely limited by the sluggish kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Therefore, it is urgent to develop efficient and stable electrocatalysts to effectively reduce reaction overpotential and accelerate the processes of electrocatalytic reactions. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as one of the most widely investigated materials in catalysis mainly due to their flexible and tunable compositions and precise and controllable structures. This article mainly introduces the recent research progress of MOFs-based electrocatalysts in water splitting and ZABs with emphasis on their preparation strategies and architecture characteristics. Finally, some summaries and outlooks of the existing problems and development trends in this field are put forward.