Comparison of the thermal behavior of three cellulose fibers mercerized or submitted to solar degradation

Comparison of Lyocell, modal and viscose fibers was performed by means of differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Thermal analysis was performed in air atmosphere. Samples were mercerized (21.3 g 100 mL-1) or submitted to solar radiation (seven months). Solar degraded samples presents a higher thermal stability and are initially less degraded. Furthermore, Lyocell fiber is the most stable under thermal degradation conditions. Heating produces a reduction of the fiber diameter (about 50%). This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

美容毛巾的开发试织

探讨了用粘胶无捻长丝作毛经的美容毛巾的开发，并与普通毛巾、无捻棉纱毛巾的作了测试比较。实验表明，粘胶毛巾优于无捻棉纱毛巾，符合作为美容毛巾的基本要求。     

3.8^s50／50改性黄洋麻／毛型粘胶仿毛地毯纱的研制

本文介绍了3.8^s（153.4特）、50/50改性黄、洋麻纤维／毛型粘胶纤维混纺仿毛地毯纱的研制工艺，并对黄、洋麻纤维的碱处理改性进行了探讨。     

接咀粘接预加热系统的研制

在引进的高速卷接机组PROTOS70生产过程中,经常出现水松纸粘结不良、掉咀、水松纸翘边等现象。经分析确定了影响粘接质量的主要因素是加热温度与打胶深度,对粘接部分增加了预加热装置。通过对加热温度和打胶深度进行两因素三水平正交试验,找出了合适的工艺参数。     

粘胶纤维切断刀的腐蚀磨损与寿命

本文分析了粘胶纤维切断刀的腐蚀磨损形貌,并将几种钢经不同表面处理后进行试验。结果表明:镀覆 TiN 的 Cr15Ni18Mo2Cu3或1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti 不锈钢切断刀能显著提高其寿命。     

黏胶废液对福建无烟煤水蒸气催化气化的动力学和补偿效应

采用黏胶废液为催化剂,对福建尤溪无烟粉煤在常压热分析仪中的水蒸气催化气化动力学进行了研究。在850℃～950℃测定了黏胶废液催化剂添加量（NaOH浓度为计算基准）从0～12%时的碳转化率随气化时间的变化,表明黏胶废液具有提高碳转化率和气化速率的作用,同时确定了该黏胶废液催化剂的加载饱和浓度。基此得出的尤溪无烟粉煤水蒸气催化气化反应动力学符合缩芯模型,并给出相应的动力学参数。进而分析表明,该催化气化过程存在明显的补偿效应,最后给出黏胶废液对尤溪无烟粉煤水蒸气催化气化包括补偿效应的动力学方程。     

Production of highly conductive textile viscose yarns by chemical vapor deposition technique: a route to continuous process

An oxidative chemical vapor deposition (OCVD) process was used to coat flexible textile fiber (viscose) with highly conductive polymer, poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) in presence of ferric (III) chloride (FeCl₃) oxidant. OCVD is a solvent free process used to get uniform, thin, and highly conductive polymer layer on different substrates. In this paper, PEDOT coated viscose fibers, prepared under specific conditions, exhibited high conductivity 14.2 S/cm. The effects of polymerization conditions, such as polymerization time, oxidant concentration, dipping time of viscose fiber in oxidant solution, and drying time of oxidant treated viscose fiber, were carefully investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FT‐IR analysis revealed that polymerization of PEDOT on surface of viscose fiber has been taken place and structural analysis showed strong interactions between PEDOT and viscose fiber. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to investigate the amount of PEDOT in PEDOT coated viscose fiber and interaction of PEDOT with viscose fiber. The effect of PEDOT coating on the mechanical properties of the viscose fiber was evaluated by tensile strength testing of the coated fibers. The obtained PEDOT coated viscose fiber having high conductivity, could be used in smart clothing for medical and military applications, heat generation, and solar cell demonstrators. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

STUDY ON POLYPYRROLE-VISCOSE CONDUCTING FIBER

The conductivity of Polypyrrole-viscose conducting fiber prepared with author's method can be shown up to as high as 2.106x10~(-2) S/cm. The main factors influencing the conductivity are the concentration of FeCl_3 used as dopant and initiator, the treatment time of viscose fiber as base material in FeCl_3 solution, temperature and polymerization time. It is found that the orientation and crystallization degree of viscose fiber keep constant before and after conducting treatment and the mechanical properties of conducting fiber is the same as that of base material. In addition, the distribution of polypyrrole in viscose fiber, and its effect on the conductivity were investigated in details by TEM.     

粘纤单丝数目自动检测系统的研究

针对化纤企业生产、检测的需要,研制了一种粘纤单丝数目自动检测系统。系统采用环形光源,从周围均匀照明经静电和高速风两次分离的粘纤,再由成像物镜将分离的粘纤清晰成像至高速面阵CCD传感器靶面上,基于Directshow技术自行编制出图像采集程序。利用自主研发的图像处理软件,处理粘纤图像信息,自动计算其单丝的数目,并给出判别结果。在图像处理方面采用分行消包络阈值分割法和连通域跟踪计数法,解决了粘纤计数中的胶丝重叠、分叉等关键技术难题,保证了计数准确率。该系统具有精度高、检测速度快等特点。     

A Novel Method for Analysis of Xanthate Group Distribution in Viscoses

Analytical monitoring of xanthation in the viscose process along with xanthate group analysis in the viscose material is a long-debated problem in cellulose chemistry. The task is rendered extremely intricate by the lability of the starting material and the harshness of the reaction medium, which adds to a lack of suitable analytical approaches. In a four-years' endeavor in our lab, a method is being developed which allows to analyze the distribution of xanthate groups in viscoses relative to the anhydroglucose units and along the cellulose chain. In a first step the xanthate groups are stabilized by alkylation, which was optimized towards quantitative conversion. In a second step, the remaining free hydroxyl groups are protected by carbanilation, followed by selective removal of the stabilized xanthate groups. Steps two and three thus generate an inverse image of the initial xanthate pattern. In the forth and fifth step, the liberated hydroxyl groups are methylated, and the carbanilates are removed, so that in the overall process the xanthates were replaced by methyl groups. All reaction steps have been comprehensively tested with regard to completeness of conversion and orthogonality of the protecting groups.