导航系统视觉快速跟踪方法

提出了一种图象搜索的方法 ,适用于变化的环境 ,通过灰度值偏移校正二维阈值化和噪声滤波的方法能有效排除由于光源所引起的各种干扰 .本方法处理速度快 ,满足自引导车实时跟踪和导航的需要     

VRPTW的扰动恢复及其TABU SEARCH算法

本文对带时间窗的车辆路线安排扰动恢复问题进行了讨论,分析了各种可能的扰动:增加减少客户,时间窗、客户需求及路线可行性的扰动,构造了扰动模型.利用禁忌搜索算法对问题进行求解,同时通过对模型参数重新设置,得到了多个满足要求的不同的解,这样使解更具有实际可行性和有效性.     

免疫算法在车辆调度问题中的应用

免疫算法是模仿生物体高度进化、复杂的免疫系统仿生的一种智能化启发式算法。本文根据车辆调度问题的具体情况，应用免疫算法解决车辆调度中路线安排问题，并提出了一种基于分组匹配的亲和力的计算方法。实验结果表明，免疫算法能有效地应用于车辆调度中路线安排问题。     

Effects of Polymer Bridging and Electrostatics on the Rheological Behavior of Aqueous Colloidal Dispersions†

Effects of a low molecular weight physically adsorbed polyethylene oxide (PEO) and the range of the electrostatic repulsion on the rheological behavior of silica dispersions (as a model system) has been investigated. Particular attention is given to the evolution of the rheological behavior with increasing the polymer concentration in the system and also effectiveness of the polymer as a dispersant under extreme conditions (high ionic strength). Results indicate that at small separation distances and low polymer coverage, the polymer chains are long enough to adsorb on the surface of two particles simultaneously causing bridging flocculation in the system and hence increasing the viscosity and linear viscoelastic functions of the dispersion. A significant increase was observed in the viscosity of the dispersion at salt concentrations high enough to eliminate electrostatics between the particles. Under these conditions,the viscosity of the system increased significantly when PEO was added to the dispersion showing that at high electrolyte concentrations, a neutral polymer such as PEO is not able to stabilize the system.     

汽车碰撞事故的速度分析

通过对交通事故中汽车的碰撞问题的简化 ,运用动量守恒定理和能量守恒定律着重研究了正面碰撞、追尾碰撞和侧面碰撞三种情况下 ,汽车碰撞前动量和速度的求解方法 ,为交通事故模拟和再现提供了一种更为实用的方法 ,并为科学处理交通事故、明确事故责任提供了重要参考。     

基于小波变换的运动汽车阴影分割

利用在阴影区域内的点所接受环境光强与汽车的相对位置关系，结合多分辨率小波分析，提出了一种新的基于小波变换的运动汽车阴影分割方法．该方法不需要知道光源的方向，也不需要车体的彩色信息；对背景的纹理也没有要求，适用于复杂纹理背景下任何颜色的汽车阴影分割．实验表明，该方法定位准确、速度快、抗噪能力强．     

A Hybrid Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm for Solving Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows

Vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) involves the routing of a set of vehicles with limited capacity from a central depot to a set of geographically dispersed customers with known demands and predefined time windows. The problem is solved by optimizing routes for the vehicles so as to meet all given constraints as well as to minimize the objectives of traveling distance and number of vehicles. This paper proposes a hybrid multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (HMOEA) that incorporates various heuristics for local exploitation in the evolutionary search and the concept of Pareto's optimality for solving multiobjective optimization in VRPTW. The proposed HMOEA is featured with specialized genetic operators and variable-length chromosome representation to accommodate the sequence-oriented optimization in VRPTW. Unlike existing VRPTW approaches that often aggregate multiple criteria and constraints into a compromise function, the proposed HMOEA optimizes all routing constraints and objectives simultaneously, which improves the routing solutions in many aspects, such as lower routing cost, wider scattering area and better convergence trace. The HMOEA is applied to solve the benchmark Solomon's 56 VRPTW 100-customer instances, which yields 20 routing solutions better than or competitive as compared to the best solutions published in literature.     

光电传感器在战场侦察车上的应用与发展

通过对国内外战场侦察车光电传感器资料及实物的查阅和调研，并通过总结几十年的工作和设计经验，论述了战场侦察车上光电传感器在未来数字化战争中的作用和地位。对国外传感器系统在侦察车上的应用状况进行了分析，着重对各种传感器进行分析与比较，并对多光谱技术、多传感器的图像融合技术以及桅杆的应用和要求提出看法。最后对我国光电传感器在战场侦察车上的应用与发展提出了建议。     

Robust Output Tracking Control of an Uncertain Linear System via a Modified Optimal Linear-Quadratic Method

This study investigates the robust output tracking problem for a class of uncertain linear systems. The uncertainties are assumed to be time invariant and to satisfy the matching conditions. According to the selected nominal parameters, an optimal solution with a prescribed degree of stability is determined. Then, an auxiliary input via the use of an adapting factor, connected to the nominal optimal control, is introduced to guarantee the robustness and prescribed degree of stability for the output tracking control of the uncertain linear systems. This method is very simple and effective and can reject bounded uncertainties imposed on the states. A maglev vehicle model example is given to show its effectiveness.     

Structural properties of charged diblock copolymer solutions

Aqueous micellar solutions of ionic/neutral block copolymers have been studied by light scattering, small angle neutron scattering and small angle X-ray scattering. We made use of a polymer comprised of a short hydrophobic block (polyethylene-propylene) PEP and of a long polyelectrolytic block (polystyrene-sulfonate) PSSNa which has been shown previously to micellize in water. The apparent polydispersity of these micelles is studied in detail, showing the existence of a few large aggregates coexisting with the population of micelles. Solutions of micelles are found to order above some threshold in polymer concentration. The order is liquid-like, as demonstrated by the evolution with concentration of the peak observed in the structure factor (), and the degree of order is found to be identical over a large range of concentrations (up to 20 wt%). Consistent values of the aggregation number of the micelles are found by independent methods. The effect of salt addition on the order is found to be weak. Received: 19 June 1997 / Received in final form: 4 September 1997 / Accepted: 9 October 1997