多停泊基地约束下港口拖轮作业的一体化调度优化

在分析拖轮调度问题基本性质的基础上,结合多处理器任务调度理论,构建了以拖轮总作业时间最小化为目标函数、考虑多停泊基地条件下的一体化调度优化模型;针对问题特点设计了混合模拟退火算法并对其进行求解;以二维实整数的方式作为解的表现形式,在初始解的生成过程中加入首艘可用拖轮的启发式规则,并运用三点交叉的方式产生新解.数值实例结果表明,所提出的算法收敛性较好,求解结果比现行调度规则所得结果的优化率提高了20%.对系统参数的分析表明:移泊作业所占比例和到港船舶类型对目标函数的影响较大;在拖轮配备中,总作业时间对拖轮配备情况具有极弱的敏感性,而在不同装卸作业时间下总作业时间的变化无规律性.     

多界面复合锚杆荷载传递机制的数值模拟

采用Abaqus对复合锚杆拉拔试验进行模拟,针对复合锚杆的破坏形式多为界面破坏,应用改进的Cohesive单元对复合锚杆4种界面材料进行模拟,并建立轴对称弹塑性有限元模型对复合锚杆的拉拔试验进行分析.研究成果主要包括:①钢绞线轴向应力及界面剪应力均服从指数分布,且随着荷载的增大,锚杆近端的握裹力被克服,剪应力峰值向后转移.②南竹-复合材料、南竹-水泥砂浆界面剪应力峰值随着主控面剪应力峰值的转移而转移.③南竹管材受周围刚度较大的复合材料及水泥砂浆的约束,其轴向应力峰值分布在南竹的中部.④水泥砂浆-土体界面因边界条件不同于其他界面,其剪应力沿锚杆轴向从近端至远端不断增大.数值模拟结果与现场试验测量结果符合较好,验证了该数值方法的有效性.     

斜拉桥索梁锚固结构疲劳试验模型设计优化

为了避免出现斜拉桥索梁锚固结构疲劳试验中辅助部分首先断裂的问题,在以往试验模型设计的基础上,考虑影响疲劳寿命的不同因素,建立了以模型的静力强度、位移、疲劳和断裂性能为模糊约束条件,以模型质量、疲劳和断裂寿命为多个目标的结构多目标优化设计模型.结合苏州南通长江公路大桥钢锚箱式索梁锚固结构足尺疲劳试验,验证了锚箱式索梁锚固结构设计的正确性,经过400万次加载而未破坏,且减少了模型用钢量.模型设计中提出的控制热点应力等措施切实可行.     

灌孔混凝土与钢筋粘结应力分布的试验研究

为了研究灌孔混凝土和钢筋的粘结锚固机理及粘结应力分布,通过咬合试验和内贴片试验,分析了内裂缝的发展过程和粘结应力的分布,揭示了灌孔混凝土与钢筋咬合作用传力和混凝土咬合齿被剪断后混凝土与混凝土之间的摩擦传力机理。并以二次曲线模拟粘结应力的缓慢上升段,以椭圆线模拟曲线峰值以后的急剧下降段,采用相对粘结应力形式,确定出粘结应力沿锚长变化的分布函数,为进一步研究灌孔混凝土的粘结机理奠定了基础。     

Improvement of permanent memory effect in PDLC films using TX-100 as an additive

A number of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films based on dimethacrylate monomers were synthesised by polymer-induced phase separation (PIPS) using polyethylene glycol p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl ether (TX-100) as an additive up to total solution weight of 10% aiming to modify the initial anchorage force of the liquid crystal (LC) molecules to the polymeric matrix. The effects of the addition of this additive to the PDLC films were studied resorting to electro-optical studies. Using a fitting model, several parameters were correlated such as the permanent memory effect (PME), the voltage required to achieve 90% of maximum transmittance (E90), the average elastic constant (K) and the rotational viscosity of the director (γ). The use of TX-100 results on an increase on the PME and γ, and decrease on the E90 and K.     

钢纤维砼与变形钢筋粘结性能的试验研究

论述了34个钢纤维砼和普通砼试件,在单调、重复和反复荷载下,与变形钢筋的粘结锚固性能的试验结果.试验表明,钢纤维砼具有较高的粘结强度,并可减小钢筋的滑移.在分析试验结果的基础上,提出了关于钢纤维砼粘结强度计算公式和钢筋设计锚固长度的建议.     

钢筋轻骨料混凝土框架节点的试验研究

本文论述了四个钢筋轻骨料混凝土框架梁柱节点组合体在低周反复荷载下的试验结果。分析了梁端塑性饺区和节点核心区的强度、变形和粘结锚固性能。提出了设计建议。     

粘钢加固RC梁的锚固剪应力参数分析

在弹性理论的基础上,利用钢板固剪应力计算公式,对在集中荷载或均布荷载作用下采用粘钢加固的混凝土梁,风板锚固最大剪应力的有关影响因素。     

Anchorage strength models for end-debonding predictions in RC beams strengthened with FRP composites

The increase in the flexural capacity of RC beams obtained by externally bonding FRP composites to their tension side is often limited by the premature and brittle debonding of the external reinforcement. An in-depth understanding of this complex failure mechanism, however, has not yet been achieved. With specific regard to end-debonding failure modes, extensive experimental observations reported in the literature highlight the important distinction, often neglected in strength models proposed by researchers, between the peel-off and rip-off end-debonding types of failure. The peel-off failure is generally characterized by a failure plane located within the first few millimetres of the concrete cover, whilst the rip-off failure penetrates deeper into the concrete cover and propagates along the tensile steel reinforcement. A new rip-off strength model is described in this paper. The model proposed is based on the Chen and Teng peel-off model and relies upon additional theoretical considerations. The influence of the amount of the internal tensile steel reinforcement and the effective anchorage length of FRP are considered and discussed. The validity of the new model is analyzed further through comparisons with test results, findings of a numerical investigation, and a parametric study. The new rip-off strength model is assessed against a database comprising results from 62 beams tested by various researchers and is shown to yield less conservative results. Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 373–388, May–June, 2008.     

地下结构围岩锚固参数的弹塑性分析

本文在对地下工程结构围岩体进行弹塑性分析的基础上，提出结构体锚杆加固参数（锚杆长度，锚固范围及锚杆变形量）的计算式，并对锚杆的布置方位进行了探讨。